History of Hot Tubs, Spas and Saunas - Over the Ages
Earliest Use of the Hot Tub
To speak with any authority about the history of hot tubs, saunas, spas and baths, we must first look to ancient civilizations that carried out purification ceremonies and ancestral rites with water. The practices should not be confused as having a hygienic function, but rather viewed as purely religious in nature. Water was considered wholesome - a symbol of purity and the immortality of the soul. In many cultures (e.g., Egyptian, Jewish, Mesopotamian and Hindu), cleansing of the body was required as a symbolic act of purification prior to entering sacred places. Thus the ritual baths of the Hindus in the Ganges and the ablutions practiced by the ancient Egyptians in the Nile in order to purity themselves and to pay tribute to the dead, are well documented, and are the precursors to subsequent sauna, steam baths, and hot tub baths.
The earliest indications of baths used for the purpose of hygiene and leisure date back to the third millennium B.C. and can be divided into two categories: steam baths (mainly in Europe, Africa and Asia) and cold baths (Asia), the latter erected in ephemeral structures or permanent areas. Communal baths were set up separately from the village quarters and used as means of keeping away evil spirits or paying tribute to the deceased. The oldest hot tub dates back to the year 1700 B.C. and belonged to the palace of Knossos in Crete. Its similarity to present-day bathtubs is startling, as also is its system of sanitary plumbing.
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